Enrique Bravo-García, Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, UniverSIDAd Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
Linda Morales-Juárez, Institute for Obesity Research, Unidad de Políticas, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ciudad de México, México
Adriana Villafuerte-García, Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, UniverSIDAd Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
Carlos Magis-Rodríguez, Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, UniverSIDAd Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
Christian Razo, Department of Health Metrics Sciences, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Estados Unidos de América; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, Estados Unidos de América
Rafael Lozano, Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, UniverSIDAd Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México;; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Estados Unidos de América; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, Estados Unidos de América
Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and aquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a public health problem in Mexico. The publication of the estimates from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study 2021 represents a valuable opportunity to assess the evolution of the epidemic in the country. Objective: To analyze the evolution of HIV/AIDS incidence and mortality in Mexico from 1995 to 2021. Material and methods: The HIV/AIDS burden was evaluated using incidence and mortality indicators, utilizing the estimates from the GBD 2021 from 1995 to 2021. Results: The age-standardized HIV incidence rate in Mexico increased by 64%, rising from 7.7 to 12.6 new cases per 100,000 inhabitants. In contrast, the age-standardized mortality rate decreased by 30%, from 5.7 to 4.0 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. Significant differences in incidence and mortality trends were observed across federal entities, age groups, and sexes. Conclusions: Despite the notable reduction in HIV/AIDS mortality, incidence has shown a sustained increase since 1995, especially among older adults and young people. These trends raise questions regarding the effectiveness of the preventive strategies implemented in Mexico over the past three decades.
Keywords: Global burden of disease. HIV/AIDS. Incidence. Mortality. México.