Sevastian S. Medina-Ornelas, Departamento de Medicina Nuclear, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán; Departamento de Medicina Nuclear, Hospital Ángeles Lindavista. Ciudad de México, México
Joel E. Vargas-Ahumada, Departamento de Medicina Nuclear, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
Rodrigo Hernández-Ramírez, Departamento de Medicina Nuclear, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
Prostate cancer remains an unavoidable presence, being the second most diagnosed cancer and the fifth leading cause of death among men. In 2020, it affected 1.4 million people, with 375,000 deaths globally. In Mexico, it generates 26,000 new cases annually and more than 7,000 deaths, raising the prevalence to more than 90,000 cases. Globally, many diagnoses occur in early stages, but 20% progress to advanced stages, with only 26-30% surviving more than 5 years. Androgen deprivation therapy is crucial, reducing testosterone and slowing malignant progression, although resistance is inevitable, leading to castration-resistant prostate cancer. Early detection of prostate-specific membrane antigen progression using technologies such as prostate-specific membrane antigen labeled with technetium-99m for scintigraphy or fluorine-18 for positron emission tomography is vital. Prior to PSMA, detection was limited. A therapeutic option is now available with lutetium-177 PSMA, offering a more precise treatment, facilitating a better response and less toxicity, providing new hope in this ongoing fight. The diagnostic and therapeutic approach using the same molecule but a different radioisotope is called theragnostic.
Keywords: Prostate cancer. Prostate-specific membrane antigen. Nuclear medicine. Theragnostic.