Juan P. Fernández-Hernández, Departamento Terapia Intensiva, Hospital General de Zona No. 58, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México
Martha A. Hernández-González, Departamento de Medicina y Nutrición, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
Blanca Vázquez, Unidad Académica, Instituto de Investigaciones en Matemáticas Aplicadas y en Sistemas, Mérida, Yucatán, México
Iván Cruz-Aceves, Secretaría de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnología e Innovación, Centro de Investigación en Matemáticas A.C. Guanajuato, Guanajuato, México
Sergio E. Solorio-Meza, División de Ciencias e Ingenierías. Universidad de Guanajuato, Campus León, León, Guanajuato, México
Gabriela Borrayo-Sánchez, Secretaría General, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, México
Background: Cardiovascular diseases are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women, particularly postmenopausal. Metabolic and social gender differences influence lipid profiles and cardiovascular risk. In Mexico, factors such as obesity, diabetes, hormonal contraceptive use, and limited healthcare access exacerbate this issue. Objective: To describe the lipid profile of Mexican women with high and very high cardiovascular risk, and compare it to that of men. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study from the REMEXDIS (Mexican Registry of Dyslipidemia) cohort. Clinical, demographic, and biochemical variables were analyzed in 17,532 patients (9536 women). Statistical tests were applied to identify sex-related differences. Results: Women had a higher body mass index and a lower rate of suspected familial hypercholesterolemia. Men had significantly higher levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and glucose. However, women were more frequently classified as very high cardiovascular risk (59.44% vs. 35.90%; p = 0.01). Notably, 48.36% of dyslipidemic women were previously undiagnosed. Conclusions: Mexican women with cardiovascular risk exhibit distinct clinical and metabolic characteristics compared to men. These findings highlight the importance of genderspecific strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and management of cardiovascular disease in women.
Keywords: Lipid profile. Women. Cardiovascular diseases.