Felipe J. Uribe-Salas, Departamento de Estudios de Población, El Colegio de la Frontera Norte, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México
Background: In recent years, the definition of disability has shifted from a medical perspective to a structural and social one. Objective: To analyze the prevalence and distribution of disability by federal entity (FE), population size, and sociodemographic characteristics using data from the 2020 Population and Housing Census (CPV_2020). Material and methods: Demographic and disability information was collected from the CPV_2020 and marginalization level of the National Population Council. Disability prevalence was adjusted by age group. Their distribution was analyzed by sex, age, FE, population size, marginalization index and population without access to health services. Results: The prevalence of disability varied by sex, age, FE, and population size. The marginalization index was significantly associated with the prevalence of disability. Conclusions: In Mexico, the demographic and geographic structures of the population have a great effect on the prevalence of disability, as shown by their variations by sex, age, FE and population size. In terms of social structure, the marginalization index indicates that the prevalence of disability tended to be higher in the populations with greater social backwardness.
Keywords: Disability. Geographic distribution. Federal entities. Mexico.