Juan C. López-Hernández, Departamento de Urgencias Neurológicas; Clínica de Enfermedades Neuromusculares; Ciudad de México, México
Raúl Medina-Rioja, Clínica de Enfermedades Neuromusculares, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez, Ciudad de México, México
José L. Soto-Hernández, Departamento de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez. Ciudad de México, México
Luis E. Ramírez-González, Departamento de Infectología, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez. Ciudad de México, México
Karen Flores-Moreno, Departamento de Infectología; Laboratorio de Microbiología; Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez. Ciudad de México, México
Edwin S. Vargas-Cañas, Clínica de Enfermedades Neuromusculares, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez, Ciudad de México, México
Malvina Salas-de la Cruz, Departamento de Urgencias Neurológicas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Dr. Manuel Velasco Suárez, Ciudad de México, México
Background: Limited information is available regarding the risk factors and microorganisms associated with healthcareassociated pneumonia (HCAP) in patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Objective: To analyze the clinical factors related to HCAP and identify the predominant microorganisms. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with GBS treated between March 2020 and June 2022. HCAP was defined based on clinical, radiological, or laboratory findings after 48 hours of hospitalization. Risk factors were analyzed using a multivariable model, expressed as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Model performance was evaluated using the area under the curve (AUC) analysis. Results: A total of 134 patients were included, 75.4% of whom were male, with a mean age of 44.7 years. Mechanical invasive ventilation (MIV) was required in 28.4% of cases, and 18.6% developed nosocomial pneumonia. Significant risk factors included an MRC score ≤ 20 (OR: 5.5; 95% CI: 1.5-20.1; p = 0.009) and the use of MIV (OR: 95; 95% CI: 12-749; p < 0.001). The model demonstrated an AUC of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.90-0.98; p < 0.001). The most frequently isolated microorganisms were Staphylococcus aureus (52%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (13%). Conclusions: An MRC score ≤ 20 and the use of MIV are risk factors for HCAP in patients with GBS. S. aureus was the predominant microorganism.
Keywords: Guillain-Barré syndrome. Healthcare-associated pneumonia. Risk factors.