Ana Ochoa-Guzmán, Unidad de Biología Molecular y Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
María T. Tusié-Luna, Unidad de Biología Molecular y Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
Erwin Chiquete, Departamento de Neurología y Psiquiatría, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
Andrea Medina-García, Unidad de Biología Molecular y Medicina Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Ciudad de México, México
Alicia Huerta-Chagoya, Programs in Metabolism and Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Estados Unidos; Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, Estados Unidos
The prevalence of metabolic diseases in Mexicans has grown in recent decades, which increases the burden on the health system. The study of the genetics of metabolic diseases is a complex process resulting from an interaction between environmental and genetic factors. Although most genome-wide association studies for these diseases have focused on populations other than the Mexican population, genetic variants almost exclusive to populations with high Native American ancestry have been discovered, or those initially identified in different populations without Amerindian ancestry have been replicated. Therefore, the objective of this review is to present an overview of the genetics of Mexicans and their relationship with some of the most frequent metabolic diseases in this population, such as type 2 diabetes, gestational diabetes, diabetic neuropathy, obesity, and dyslipidemias.
Keywords: Diabetes. Diabetic neuropathy. Dyslipidemia. Gestational diabetes. Obesity.