Hugo A. Barrera-Saldaña, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Nuevo León, México
Rafael B. R. León-Cachón, Laboratorio de Inmunología, Oasis of Hope Hospital, Tijuana, Baja California, México. Xsomeware, Servicios de Consultoría Científica, Monterrey, Nuevo León, México. Centro de Diagnóstico Molecular y Medicina Personalizada, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, División de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Monterrey, San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León, México
Vanessa González-Covarrubias, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica, Ciudad de México, México
Héctor E. Sánchez-Ibarra, Goodgene, Distrito Guro, Seúl, República de Corea
Fernando J. Lavalle-González, Clínica de Diabetes HU, Hospital Universitario Dr. José E. González, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, N.L., México
Background: Personalized medicine allows the selection of the drug and dose based on the patient’s genetic information, which is imperative in the treatment of diabetes and hypercholesterolemia, diseases with high prevalence in Mexico. Objective: To integrate pharmacogenetic and genomic research on antidiabetic and antihypercholesterolemic drugs in Mexican patients. Material and methods: We integrated our research, relating it with similar research from national and foreign laboratories. Results: For antidiabetic pharmacological treatments, variants in the ABCC8 and KCNJ11 genes were consistently associated with the response to sulfonylureas, while variants in the SLC47A1, SLC28A1 and ABCG2 genes explained up to 55% of the variability in the response to metformin. Regarding hypercholesterolemia, atorvastatin treatment is influenced by variants in the genes MTHFR, DRD3, GSTM3, TNFα MDR1, SLCO1BI, ABCB1, CYP2D6, CYP2B6, NAT2 and COMT. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the need to integrate pharmacogenetics into clinical practice to achieve greater therapeutic success in diabetes and hypercholesterolemia.
Keywords: Type 2 diabetes. Phenotypes. Genotypes. Hypercholesterolemia. Mexican population.